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<h1>Configuring USB notifications on Linux</h1>
<p>If you want to receive a small notification as soon as a USB storage device is plugged in or plugged out. You're in the right place</p>
<p>Your system detects a USB device upon connection or disconnection using an utility named <code>udev</code>. udev allows for defining rules which can allow a user to perform a specific task when a USB device is connected or disconnected. This can be combined with <code>notify-send</code> to send notifications to a user as soon as a USB device is connected or disconnected</p>
<h2>1. Creating a udev rule</h2>
<p>Below is a rule file, which will trigger two scripts depending upon the connection or disconnection of a USB device</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", RUN+="/usr/local/bin/usb-notify-add.sh '$env{ID_MODEL}'"
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", RUN+="/usr/local/bin/usb-notify-rem.sh '$env{ID_MODEL}'"
</code></pre>
<p>save this as <code>99-usb-notify.rules</code> file under <code>/etc/udev/rules.d/</code>.</p>
<h2>2. Configuring the scripts</h2>
<p>Below are the scripts:</p>
<ul>
<li>usb-notify-add.sh</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="language-shell">#!/bin/bash
DEVICE_NAME=${1:-"Unknown USB Device"}
USER_ID=$(id -u <your-username>)
export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/$USER_ID/bus
sudo -u <your-username> DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS /usr/bin/notify-send "USB Connected" "Device: $DEVICE_NAME"
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>usb-notify-rem.sh</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="language-shell">#!/bin/bash
DEVICE_NAME=${1:-"Unknown USB Device"}
USER_ID=$(id -u <your-username>)
export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/$USER_ID/bus
sudo -u <your-username> DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS /usr/bin/notify-send "USB Disconnected" "Device: $DEVICE_NAME"
</code></pre>
<p>Save both the scripts under <code>/usr/local/bin</code> and make them executable with <code>chmod</code></p>
<h2>3. Reloading the udev rules</h2>
<p>Once all the files have been saved. Reload udev rules as follows:</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
sudo udevadm trigger
</code></pre>
<p>And just like that, you've setup USB notifications. Give it a try! Plug in a USB device and check whether your system sends your a notification with the name of the USB device.</p>
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